School of Sustainability

Reading in progress
Saturday 8 August 2026

What is working, where, and who made it work. Read the whole turn of the earth in two minutes, then go as deep as you like.

One little thing

Take the courgettes you will not get through round to a neighbour, before they turn into marrows.

220 of 365
  1. Soil & SeedLika Plains, Croatia, 15.4 E

    Aurochs hold a line against wolves on the Lika Plains

    In 2022 a film crew working on the Lika Plains, near the Adriatic coast of Croatia, pointed a thermal-imaging camera at a small herd of aurochs after dark. A pack of wolves was threatening them. What the footage shows is the bulls moving into a semi-circle, facing outwards, horns to the front, with the cows and calves gathered behind them. Sheltering in the same space was a group of wild horses, among them a foal.

    The herd had only been released into the area a few years earlier. Yet the formation the bulls made is one that exists in the historical record. Ronald Goderie, a Dutch ecologist who has spent four decades in the European rewilding movement, says there is old evidence of aurochs defending themselves exactly this way, and of other species taking cover behind them. "That's what we had heard, but it had never been filmed," he says.

    The aurochs itself is an animal returned from extinction, and herds are now spreading across Europe, with talk of them reaching the UK before long. The Lika footage matters less as spectacle than as documentation: a defensive behaviour described in historical accounts, filmed for the first time. On the footage, the wolves stay outside the line, showing what Goderie describes as a lot of aggression.

    Regeneration International · Read the source

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  2. Land & WaterȚarcu Mountains, Romania, 22.5 E

    Three bison, a calf, and a loom two hundred years old

    Free-roaming bison now in the Țarcu Mountains herd

    Dana Rogoz spent five days this summer walking the Țarcu Mountains. Rogoz is a well-known Romanian actress, not a biologist, and she says so herself. She had come as one of the first ambassadors for the LIFE with Bison initiative, and she went out with specialist guide Cătălin Josan to find the animals she had agreed to speak for. After hours of searching, she and her daughter Lia finally stood in front of three female bison and a calf.

    The herd she was looking at is the larger fact behind her visit. The Southern Carpathians rewilding landscape now holds more than 250 free-roaming European bison, the biggest land mammal on the continent, in a corner of southwest Romania to which the species has only lately returned. The initiative, co-funded by the European Union's LIFE Programme, pairs that recovery with support for local communities, nature tourism and nature-based business, and the ambassador scheme exists because a recovering herd still needs people to hear about it.

    What Rogoz kept returning to afterwards, though, was not the animals but the houses. She met artisans, farmers and young entrepreneurs, watched a woman known as Mama Ana weaving on a loom two hundred years old, and was struck that none of it felt arranged for visitors. Her conclusion, arrived at over those five days, was that rewilding is only half about restoring ecosystems; the other half is giving people a reason to stay in the villages, through tourism built on what the valley actually has.

    She left talking about her son Vlad's biology teacher, and whether a whole class might be brought out to walk the same ground - a ripple effect, she said, that she would love to see. Her line afterwards was that anyone who visits and falls for the place can become an ambassador too, which is a neat summary of how the scheme is supposed to work: the visit is the message.

    Practice

    Go, and spend. A weekend at a village-run base like the WeWilder campus, a day's tracking with a local guide, meals and a woven blanket bought in the village rather than the city - that is the entire mechanism by which a rewilding landscape keeps its people, and it costs no more than any other short holiday.

    Rewilding Europe · Read the source

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Machine

The camera sees heat, but someone still watches

The aurochs story above rests on thermal-imaging footage: bulls on the Lika Plains picked out by their body heat, forming a line against wolves in the dark. A film crew shot that footage, and a person sat through it. But across most rewilding projects in Europe, the monitoring work is less cinematic. It is hundreds of camera traps producing hundreds of thousands of images, most of them empty frames triggered by wind in the grass, and somebody has to sort the wolf from the sheep from the nothing.

That sorting is one of the few places machine classification does quiet, unglamorous work in this territory. Tools like MegaDetector, an open model trained to draw a box around an animal, a person, or a vehicle, can discard the blank frames before a human ever looks. A small survey team with forty traps might cut its review hours by two-thirds. The model did not learn anything about wolves; it produced bounding boxes, and ecologists decided what to keep. The failures are worth naming: it has tagged sheepdogs as wild canids, missed animals bedded down in scrub, and confidently framed rocks. Every flagged image still needs an eye that knows the ground.

There is a cost ledger here, though it is smaller than the press releases suggest. Running detection over a season of trap images is laptop work, not data-centre work — a few kilowatt-hours, less than the diesel for one trip to change the batteries. The heavier cost is dependence: a project that builds its monitoring around a model it cannot retrain or inspect is renting its own knowledge. The Lika footage mattered because a crew was there, in the cold, watching. The machine's honest job is narrower: to throw away the empty frames so the watching is possible.

Regeneration International — Prehistoric Aurochs Are Back From Extinction and Spreading Across Europe · source

Sweetcorn fritters with a sharp cucumber salad

vegetarian

For the weeks when corn is everywhere and cheap; a ten-minute supper.

  • two sweetcorn cobs, or a 340g tin of sweetcorn, drained
  • 100g (3½oz) plain flour
  • one egg
  • four spring onions, sliced
  • one green or red chilli, chopped fine
  • half a cucumber
  • half a lemon
  • oil for frying
  • salt

Slice the kernels from the cobs, then run the back of the knife down the cobs to scrape out the milk left behind - that goes in too. Mix the corn with the flour, egg, spring onions, chilli and a good pinch of salt; you want a thick batter that holds its shape on the spoon, so add a splash of water if it stands too stiff. Slice the cucumber thin, salt it, and leave it in a bowl with the lemon juice while you fry. Heat a shallow pool of oil in a wide frying pan and drop in heaped spoonfuls of batter, flattening them a little; they are ready to turn when the edges go deep gold and smell faintly of toast. Two or three minutes a side, then drain on whatever paper or cloth you have. Eat them hot with the cucumber alongside, which should have given up some of its water to the lemon by now.

Serves 2 · about £1.80 · Vegan: swap the egg for three tablespoons of gram flour loosened with water

Tomorrow: Any spare fritters reheat well in a dry pan the next day and take kindly to a fried egg on top.

Archive

Nothing drops off. Today's readings move here tomorrow morning and stay, filed under the entrypoint they came in on. Below is the back-spool already gathered from the network.

Source register

The institutions whose public output feeds this reading. Each is watched every morning for what it publishes openly. Individuals are not listed here.

Soil & Seed

Permaculture Association · Permaculture Magazine · Regeneration International · Seed Savers Exchange · Garden Organic · Navdanya · Biodynamic Association UK · Biodynamic Demeter Alliance · Rodale Institute · Kiss the Ground · Savory Institute · Landworkers Alliance · Sustainable Food Trust · Real Farming Trust · Agroforestry Research Trust · Soil Association · A Growing Culture · Pasture for Life · Farmerama Radio

Land & Water

Ecosystem Restoration Communities · Rewilding Britain · Rewilding Europe · Trees for Life · Knepp Estate · Beaver Trust

Making & Mending

The Restart Project · Low-tech Magazine · Makery · Repair Cafe International · Precious Plastic · Library of Things · Wuyong (Ma Ke)

Shelter & Warmth

Centre for Alternative Technology · AECB · Passivhaus Trust · Community Energy England

Art & Story

Julie's Bicycle · Dark Mountain Project · Emergence Magazine · Orion Magazine · Resurgence & Ecologist

Community & Commons

Shareable · Transition Network · Global Ecovillage Network · Capital Institute

Attention

Bioneers · Gaia Education · Schumacher College · Center for Humans and Nature · Findhorn Foundation